Which of the following raptors may not be taken or possessed by general falconers in Louisiana?

The peregrine falcon is a raptor that may not be taken or possessed by general falconers in Louisiana due to its status as a species that has been protected to ensure its conservation. Historically, peregrine falcons faced significant population declines due to habitat loss and the effects of pesticides, leading to protective regulations that restrict their capture and possession.

On the contrary, the American kestrel and great horned owl are commonly allowed under general falconry regulations, as they are abundant and do not face the same level of conservation concern. The swallow-tailed kite is generally classified under a different set of regulations, but it is not permitted for general falconry as well due to varying state laws concerning its protection. Thus, the peregrine falcon's protection under federal and state laws makes it the correct choice for this question.